Yeast Infections: A Comprehensive Overview
Yeast infections are not limited to women or the vaginal area. Both men and women of all ages can experience yeast infections in various parts of their bodies. These infections can cause pain, swelling, and unpleasant discharge. When they occur in the mouth, they can make it feel cottony and affect the sense of taste. On the skin, they can lead to cracking, swelling, or bleeding. Surprisingly, recent research indicates that yeast infections might be linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and neurological dysfunction.
What Causes a Yeast Infection?
Yeast infections are primarily caused by a type of yeast called Candida, especially Candida albicans. Other types like Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, and Candida parapsilosis can also cause infections. Candida is a fungal yeast naturally found on the body. While its presence is normal, it must be balanced. When there’s an imbalance, dark, moist areas, such as the mouth and skin folds, can experience overgrowth due to systemic imbalance or poor hygiene.
A more severe condition, known as invasive candidiasis, occurs when the fungus enters the bloodstream, which can be a serious concern. Some people are at higher risk for yeast infections, such as those with psoriasis and eczema, who are more likely to suffer from oral Candida infections.
Identifying a Yeast Infection
Recognizing a yeast infection early is crucial. A yeast overgrowth means that yeast is reproducing on your body, and delaying treatment can escalate the problem. Here are common signs to watch for:
Discharge
Yeast infections often produce a creamy, cottage cheese-like discharge from lesions. In the mouth, these lesions can appear on the tongue, tonsils, roof of the mouth, or inner cheeks, making the tongue look white. On the skin, they appear as small blisters. Vaginal yeast infection discharge can range from watery and white to thick and chunky.
Redness
On the skin, yeast infections manifest as reddish or purplish spots, similar to eczema or psoriasis. In women, the vulva may become redder and more sensitive than usual.
Itching
Yeast infections cause frequent and sometimes painful itching, particularly in the vagina, vulva, or penis (mainly in uncircumcised men). This can lead to a burning sensation and a strong urge to scratch, which should be avoided to prevent worsening the infection. Ozonated olive oil can provide cooling relief.
Cracking Skin
The skin around the mouth or the infected area can crack and bleed, indicating that the body is fighting the yeast infection. However, this creates an opportunity for further infection, so it’s important to keep the area clean and use a soothing balm to promote healing.
Swelling
As the body fights off the Candida fungus, the infected area will likely swell. Swelling can occur in the mouth, sex organs, skin, and intestines if the infection is internal. This usually accompanies tenderness.
Discomfort
Advanced yeast infections can lead to constant discomfort and tenderness due to the swelling, itching, and burning associated with the infection. Vaginal yeast infections can make urination and intercourse uncomfortable.
IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
Intestinal inflammation causes IBD. While bacterial infections are a known cause, researchers are beginning to understand the role of Candida in intestinal irritation. Studies have linked Candida to some types of bowel disease.
Fatigue
People with internal yeast infections often experience fatigue. Those suffering from a Candida-related complex or chronic candidiasis syndrome have symptoms similar to chronic fatigue syndrome, with the addition of chronic flu-like symptoms.
Mood Disorders
There is increasing evidence that supports using micronutrients to combat depression. However, these nutrients are only effective if the body can absorb them properly. Candida can inhibit intestinal absorption, worsening mood disorders during infection periods. When the infection clears, mental health may improve.